In recent years, significant changes have occurred in the economic and political stances of university graduates. Traditionally working in high-skill jobs, graduates face risks of job security and status loss due to increasing automation and the impact of artificial intelligence. This situation leads graduates to shift politically more to the left and identify more with the working class.
However, the claim that the economic situation of graduates has completely worsened is debatable. According to Federal Reserve data, the underemployment rate of university graduates has decreased since the 1990s, and in 2023, the proportion of graduates working in low-wage jobs remained at 4.5%. Additionally, graduates' salaries have shown an increase over time.
As noted in Noam Scheiber's book "Mutiny," although graduates face challenges regarding job security and job satisfaction, this situation does not apply to all graduates. Politically, factors such as demographic changes and culture wars have influenced the shift of graduates to the left. These developments indicate transformations in graduates' political identities and their relations with the working class.