Hamas has submitted new proposals to mediators to advance the long-stalled Gaza plan initiated by U.S. President Donald Trump. The group insists that Israel stop its targeted assassinations of leadership figures before entering negotiations on disarmament.
One key demand is for the Israeli army to withdraw to the border known as the "yellow line." This line was part of the U.S.-backed ceasefire agreement that took effect last October, leaving Israel control over just over 50% of Gaza's territory.
Hamas also wants the independent Palestinian technocrats commission, approved by the United Nations and responsible for Gaza's daily administration, to be allowed entry into the area. While this transition has been delayed, the group considers it part of the first phase.
According to sources, Hamas has indicated readiness to hand over its heavy weapons under the plan. However, the group wishes to retain light arms for personal protection, whereas Israel demands Hamas surrender all its weapons.
Hamas argues that moving to the second phase is not contingent on disarmament. The group also calls for full fulfillment of first-phase obligations, especially the entry of sufficient humanitarian aid into Gaza.
A source noted that Hamas is flexible regarding weapons but now seeks not just assurances but tangible fulfillment of its demands on the ground. This approach ties the group's negotiation stance to more concrete conditions.
Hamas's latest proposals were prepared as part of a consensus framework agreed upon over the weekend in Egypt by Hamas and seven other Palestinian groups. Senior figures from the eight groups were scheduled to meet Egyptian mediators the same day to discuss the proposals and potential grounds for compromise.
Mediator efforts to revive the Gaza plan have slowed due to Washington's focus on tensions with Iran and Israel's failure to meet its first-phase commitments. Hamas sees this as one reason for the deadlock.
Meanwhile, statements that Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu has ordered his army to expand control in Gaza to 70% or more have heightened tensions. Sources say this move increases the risk of renewed conflict in the region.
It is reported that since the ceasefire last October, the Israeli army has killed about a thousand Palestinians, and since the war began in Gaza in October 2023, casualties have approached 73,000. The first phase of the ceasefire included the exchange of hostages held by Hamas for thousands of Palestinians imprisoned in Israel and the army's withdrawal behind the so-called yellow line.
However, the control situation on the ground has shifted. According to maps provided by Israel to aid organizations in March and April, Israel controls about 64% of Gaza. Hamas says it understands Israel will not stop assassinations of senior figures until everyone involved in planning or executing the October 7, 2023 attacks is eliminated.
Since the war began, Hamas's political leader and chief negotiator Ismail Haniyeh and his successor Yahya Sinwar have been killed, and the Gaza leader and military wing chief Izz el-Haddad died last month in an attack in Gaza City. Israel later announced it also killed Haddad's successor, Mohammed Avda.
These losses have weakened many layers of Hamas's political and military leadership and appear to have pushed the group to seek written or de facto guarantees that attacks on its leadership will cease before a new round of talks.