The Israeli forces' intervention against the Global Sumud Flotilla, which set out to deliver symbolic aid to Gaza, has sparked a new wave of diplomatic pressure worldwide due to allegations of mistreatment of detained international activists. Reports of sexual assault, beatings, and humiliation have come to the forefront alongside complaints from citizens of numerous countries.
According to the flotilla organizers, approximately 420 people were detained during the operation, with at least 67 hospitalized after detention, 12 of whom required ongoing hospital treatment. Organizers reported that participants were shot at close range with plastic bullets, subjected to electroshock on their faces and upper bodies, and that sound bombs were thrown into groups.
The allegations did not stop there. Some detainees were reportedly held in stress positions for hours, women were forcibly stripped of their headscarves, and degrading strip searches, sexual harassment, contact with private body parts, and multiple cases of rape were alleged. Organizers also mentioned claims of anal rape and forced penetration using weapons.
Among the flotilla members, some suffered broken bones. According to the organizers, Captain Arno Meys sustained a lung puncture and is expected to be unable to fly for at least a month. Another participant had a broken foot, and another a broken leg; the same patient was also monitored for internal bleeding and suspected heart rhythm irregularities.
French Foreign Minister Jean-Noël Barrot stated last week that reports of "sexual violence, exposure to cold, beatings, and repeated humiliations" against French citizens had been received. He noted that these acts could constitute criminal offenses. France also requested the prosecutor's office to investigate the treatment of its detained citizens.
Many countries, including Italy, Germany, Belgium, Greece, Spain, Ireland, and the Netherlands, have raised complaints regarding their detained nationals. Italian Prime Minister Giorgia Meloni said that the treatment of some individuals who were forced to kneel with their hands tied behind their backs was incompatible with human dignity after footage emerged.
Spanish Foreign Minister José Manuel Albares announced that Israel's chargé d'affaires was summoned, describing the treatment of flotilla members as "horrifying." Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu stated that the stance of far-right National Security Minister Itamar Ben-Gvir, a key coalition figure, does not align with Israel's values and norms.
Footage showing Ben-Gvir mocking detained flotilla members further fueled the backlash. The video shows some activists kneeling with their heads bowed to the ground, and one person being pushed down by a security officer after shouting "Freedom for Palestine."
The Israel Defense Forces denied allegations of mistreatment by soldiers. A military statement emphasized that the flotilla attempted to breach the "naval security blockade" on Gaza and that clear procedures exist to ensure respectful and appropriate treatment of participants on the intercepted vessels. The Israel Prison Service also categorically denied all allegations of abuse, including sexual assault.
Flotilla organizers reported that all detained foreign nationals have been released. Meanwhile, experts and human rights groups note that this controversy extends beyond the flotilla participants, highlighting broader concerns about Israel's practices in various detention centers.
A United Nations report released last week further intensified the debate. The report added Israel and Russia to a blacklist of actors accused of sexual violence in conflict zones and noted that both were warned last year about possible future listing. Hamas had previously been included on this list.
According to the UN report, between 2023 and 2025, sexual abuse of at least 31 Palestinian women, men, and children from the Gaza Strip and occupied West Bank was confirmed. The report detailed violations including rape, rape with objects, attempted gang rape, physical violence to sexual organs, targeted shooting at genital areas, strip searches, internal body searches, forced nudity, and threats of rape.
The report also recalled that in March, the Israeli military dropped charges against five soldiers accused of gang raping a Palestinian detainee. Footage published in Israeli media showed a detainee at the Sde Teiman military base and detention center being taken to an instrument-surrounded area and later staggering forward.
The indictment alleged that the soldiers committed anal assault with a knife causing serious internal injuries. The incident reportedly occurred on July 5, 2024. Former U.S. State Department spokesperson Matthew Miller described the human rights violation allegations as "horrifying" when the video was released.
Israel's UN Ambassador Danny Danon announced cutting ties with the office of UN Secretary-General António Guterres, denied the sexual violence allegations, and accused Guterres of spreading antisemitic lies. The UN report noted that due to limited access to Israeli detention facilities, the confirmed cases might not fully represent the overall situation.
According to the human rights organization HaMoked, over 9,300 people were held in Israeli prisons as of May. More than 3,300 of them were under administrative detention criticized for indefinite holding without trial or due legal process, often based on secret evidence.
The International Committee of the Red Cross also stated that it has not been allowed to visit Palestinian detainees since October 7, 2023. This situation might change following a recent Israeli Supreme Court decision enabling the Red Cross to visit Palestinian prisoners.
Experts say global scrutiny of Israel's treatment of detainees is increasing, but no significant international sanctions have yet been imposed. Stephen J. Rapp, who works in international war crimes, emphasized that Israel bears the primary responsibility to thoroughly investigate the allegations and bring those responsible to justice.